Potential Improvement in a Portable Health Clinic for Community Health Service to Control Non-Communicable Diseases in Indonesia

The COVID-19 pandemic has limited routine community health services, including screening for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). An adaptive and innovative digital approach is needed in the health technology ecosystem. A portable health clinic (PHC) is a community-based mobile health service equipped with telemonitoring and teleconsultation using portable medical devices and an Android application. The aim of this study was to assess the challenges and potential improvement in PHC implementation in Indonesia. This study was conducted in February-April 2021 in three primary health centers, Mlati II in Sleman District, Samigaluh II in Kulon Progo, and Kalikotes in Klaten. In-depth interviews were conducted with 11 health workers and community health workers. At the baseline, 268 patients were examined, and 214 patients were successfully followed-up until the third month. A proportion of 32% of the patients required teleconsultations based on automatic triage. Implementation challenges included technical constraints such as complexity of applications;unstable networks;and non-technical constraints, such as the effectivity of training, the availability of doctors, and the workload at the primary health center. PHCs were perceived as an added value in addition to existing community-based health services. The successful implementation of PHCs should not only be considered with respect to technology but also in terms of human impact, organization, and legality.

Two-years antibody responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans: A study protocol.

The long-term antibody response to the novel SARS-CoV-2 in infected patients and their residential neighborhood remains unknown in Indonesia. This information will provide insights into the antibody kinetics over a relatively long period as well as transmission risk factors in the community. We aim to prospectively observe and determine the kinetics of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody for 2 years after infection in relation to disease severity and to determine the risk and protective factors of SARS CoV-2 infections in the community. A cohort of RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients (case) will be prospectively followed for 2 years and will be compared to a control population. The control group comprises SARS-CoV-2 non-infected people who live within a one-kilometer radius from the corresponding case (location matching). This study will recruit at least 165 patients and 495 controls. Demographics, community variables, behavioral characteristics, and relevant clinical data will be collected. Serum samples taken at various time points will be tested for IgM anti-Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and IgG anti-Spike RBD of SARS-CoV-2 by using Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay (CMIA) method. The Kaplan-Meier method will be used to calculate cumulative seroconversion rates, and their association with disease severity will be estimated by logistic regression. The risk and protective factors associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection will be determined using conditional (matched) logistic regression and presented as an odds ratio and 95% confidence interval.

User acquisition and profile of COVID-19’s health education website: A descriptive study

In early of 2020 China had identified a new etiology of pneumonia which was later called Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the condition declared as pandemic. In this emergency state of affair people will seek information from websites disseminating health information online including Indonesia. Since there is currently no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment the application of preventive measures has been essential. The hygiene and health measures can be easily spread widely as there’s been fast & numerous information spreading in the media but that is not usually the case with underprivileged people with little access to technology. False news and lack of credible sources are also a threat. A health startup in Bandung Indonesia made initiatives to educate people about COVID-19 prevention through downloadable script and audio in the form of Public Service Announcement provided with 19 local languages through their website.  This study aims to know the characteristics of profile users accessing the website through descriptive observational approach. The data came from the website automatically analyzed by Google Analytics. We look into the audience data comprising demographics and geographical distribution. Additionally, we observe the acquisition data that helps us in seeing website traffic. The significant difference found in this study is seen in the age group meanwhile the gender group did not have a significant difference which has 8% of disparity. By geographical distribution 60% of top users are located in cities located in Java Island. Direct traffic interestingly made up almost 86 percent of all traffic. Twitter ranked the top for the social media traffic in our case. In conclusion it is necessary to promote credible information in COVID-19 preventive measures and help maintain the accessibility of information.

Perceptions of a COVID-19 education public service announcement in Nunukan regency North Kalimantan: A qualitative study

Indigenous populations experience a risk of socio-economic marginalization in health emergency including COVID-19. Public service announcements (PSA) are promotional materials that address problems in an attempt to increase public awareness. North Kalimantan is one of the frontier outermost and least developed regions in Indonesia with 11 regional languages spoken. One of the districts with inadequate human resources in the area is Nunukan regency. The present study sought to understand how one group of people in Nunukan Regency reactions interests and impressions with the COVID-19 information found in Bugis and Toraja version of audio PSAs released by Health Empowerment and Education Project (HEUProject). The study belongs to qualitative research and used purposive sampling with seven participants from two sub-district in Nunukan Regency. The data is analyzed qualitative-thematically which is further interpreted and presented in the form of a description. Additionally, to see the variety of participants answers information transmission through PSAs we analyzed the data using Tableau software 2020 version and presented the relative frequency of words with visual infographic. The study findings of the participants immediate reactions were following the advice on the PSAs audio for instance to keep the physical distance and washing their hands frequently. The most participants in this study have the willingness to hear to understand and also feel interested with the useful content in audio format that apparently improves their awareness of COVID-19 information. Overall, it is immediately apparent that the language transmission of message and information found in the HEU Projects COVID-19 educational PSA were understood and engaged by participants in a way that it reflects on the pandemic situation. Our study supports the national usage of disease prevention with this type of media approach that could be used in public places in the future that may minimize the language divide.

Survey data of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, Tuberculosis patients characteristics and stress resilience during COVID-19 pandemic in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia.

This set of data presents a survey data describing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, tuberculosis patients characteristics and stress resilience during COVID-19 pandemic in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia. The data were gathered from multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, tuberculosis patients through a survey distributed by an online questionnaire, assesing patients characteristics (age, sex, level of education, working status, history of close contact to patients with multidrug resistant tuberculosis and tuberculosis, smoking, alcohol consumption, cavitary pulmonary, diabetes mellitus, nutritional status and tuberculosis outside the lung) and stress resilience (3 items), from 15th July until 7th August 2020. The samples were collected 73 multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients and 219 tuberculosis patients in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia who were willing to fill an online questionnaire. SPSS version 23.0 was used to analyzed the data by descriptive and inferential statistics. The data will help to identify mental health problems and potentially as a warning sign that can support for health education interventions among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and tuberculosis patients during COVID-19 pandemic.

Social Media Data Analytics for Outbreak Risk Communication: Public Attention on the "New Normal" During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia.

BACKGROUND: After two months of implementing a partial lockdown, the Indonesian government had announced the "New Normal" policy to prevent a further economic crash in the country. This policy received many critics, as Indonesia still experiencing a fluctuated number of infected cases. Understanding public perception through effective risk communication can assist the government in relaying an appropriate message to improve people's compliance and to avoid further disease spread. OBJECTIVE: This study observed how risk communication using social media platforms like Twitter could be adopted to measure public attention on COVID-19 related issues "New Normal". METHOD: From May 21 to June 18, 2020, we archived all tweets related to COVID-19 containing keywords: "#NewNormal", and "New Normal" using Drone Emprit Academy (DEA) engine. DEA search API collected all requested tweets and described the cumulative tweets for trend analysis, word segmentation, and word frequency. We further analyzed the public perception using sentiment analysis and identified the predominant tweets using emotion analysis. RESULT: We collected 284,216 tweets from 137,057 active users. From the trend analysis, we observed three stages of the changing trend of the public's attention on the "New Normal". Results from the sentiment analysis indicate that more than half of the population (52%) had a "positive" sentiment towards the "New Normal" issues while only 41% of them had a "negative" perception. Our study also demonstrated the public's sentiment trend has gradually shifted from "negative" to "positive" due to the influence of both the government actions and the spread of the disease. A more detailed analysis of the emotion analysis showed that the majority of the public emotions (77.6%) relied on the emotion of "trust", "anticipation", and "joy". Meanwhile, people were also surprised (8.62%) that the Indonesian government progressed to the "New Normal" concept despite a fluctuating number of cases. CONCLUSION: Our findings offer an opportunity for the government to use Twitter in the process of quick decision-making and policy evaluation during uncertain times in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Survey data of COVID-19 awareness, knowledge, preparedness and related behaviors among breast cancer patients in Indonesia.

This dataset presents a survey data describing COVID-19 awareness, knowledge, preparedness and related behaviors among breast cancer patients in Indonesia. The data were collected from breast cancer patients through a survey distributed by an online questionnaire, assesing social-demographic characteristics (6 items), COVID-19 awareness (5 items), knowledge (2 items), preparedness (2 items) and related behaviors (2 items), from 20th June until 14th July 2020. The samples were gathered 500 breast cancer patients in Indonesia who were willing to fill an online questionnaire. SPSS version 23.0 was used to analyzed the data by descriptive and inferential statistics and SmartPLS 3 to created the partial least square path modeling. The data will help in preventing the transmission of COVID-19 among breast cancer patients and can support for health education and promotion interventions.